Titanium Archives - EB Castworld

7Aug, 2026

How to Choose a Production Process for Titanium Castings

Titanium casting process selection is a drawing-and-duty decision. Geometry, alloy, melt practice, machining and acceptance requirements must be reviewed together before a supplier can quote a credible route.

Start with function and environment

State corrosion medium, temperature, pressure or load duty and requested alloy/standard. ASTM B367 covers titanium and titanium alloy castings for general corrosion-resistant and industrial applications and is a useful reference when applicable.

Use geometry to guide the review

Characteristic	Information needed
Internal geometry	Section views, cores and inaccessible areas
Wall transitions	Minimum wall and heavy junctions
Machined interfaces	Datums, allowance and surface requirement
Critical zones	Acceptance criteria and NDT coverage

Do not buy a process label

Investment casting may be reviewed for complex detail, while other routes can fit other sizes, tolerances, volumes and cost conditions. A route name does not guarantee soundness, accuracy or delivery. Require the supplier to review pattern, mould, feeding, cleaning, machining and inspection against the approved drawing.

Define tolerances and acceptance

ISO 8062-4:2023 provides a framework for casting tolerances, machining allowance and draft. ASTM B367 notes purchaser-defined chemical, analysis and visual acceptance requirements. Your RFQ should identify certificates, dimensional report, NDT, repair-weld policy, traceability and packing.

References

RFQ information

Approved drawing and revision
Service conditions and quantity
Material or performance requirement
Critical dimensions and inspection scope

Engineering boundary

Final material, geometry, production route and inspection scope must be agreed against the purchaser-approved drawing and actual duty. This guide is not a substitute for equipment design review.

Related resources

9Jun, 2025

What are the advantages of titanium balls in marine engineering?

How do titanium balls resist corrosion in high-salt and high-humidity environments?

In the field of marine engineering, titanium balls (usually spherical structures or components made of titanium alloys) have become key materials for deep-sea equipment, shipbuilding, submarine pipelines and other scenarios with their three core advantages of corrosion resistance, mechanical properties and environmental adaptability. The following is an analysis of the application scenarios, anti-corrosion mechanisms, technical implementation paths and differences compared with traditional materials:

I. Core application scenarios of titanium balls in marine engineering
1. Deep-sea exploration and mining equipment
ROV (remotely operated vehicle) joint balls:
Titanium alloy balls are used for the rotary joints of ROV manipulators, which withstand alternating loads in the 3,000-meter deep sea (pressure of about 30 MPa) and resist seawater corrosion (such as the titanium alloy joint parts of China’s “Struggler” manned submersible).
Submarine oil and gas production blowout preventer sphere:
As the sealing valve of the blowout preventer, the titanium alloy ball can withstand the impact of high-pressure oil and gas containing hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) (pressure can reach more than 100 MPa), avoiding stress corrosion cracking of traditional steel.
2. Ship and offshore platform structure
Propeller shaft bearing ball:
The bearings of ship propulsion systems use titanium alloy balls to replace traditional bronze or stainless steel parts, reducing the electrochemical corrosion of seawater on the shaft system (for example, the titanium alloy shaft system of aircraft carriers can extend the maintenance cycle by 3-5 times).
Offshore platform mooring system connection ball:
Titanium alloy ball hinges are used for mooring chain connections of floating platforms to withstand the alternating tension generated by typhoon-level wind and waves (loads can reach thousands of tons), while resisting fatigue fracture in salt spray environments.
3. Seawater treatment and heat exchange system
Desalination device ball valve:
Titanium alloy ball valves control the flow of high-salt solutions in distillation desalination equipment and withstand corrosive media with Cl⁻ concentrations exceeding 50,000 ppm (traditional stainless steel 316L is prone to pitting in this environment).
Condenser tube sheet connection ball:
Titanium alloy balls are used to fix the ends of titanium tubes in seawater condensers to avoid galvanic corrosion between copper alloy tube sheets and titanium tubes (accelerated corrosion caused by potential difference).
4. Marine renewable energy equipment
Tidal turbine bearing balls:
Titanium alloy balls are used in underwater bearings of tidal generators to withstand the dual effects of mud and sand wear and seawater corrosion, and their service life can reach 2-3 times that of traditional materials (such as the titanium alloy parts of the Swansea Bay tidal power station in the UK).
Offshore wind power foundation pile connection balls:
Titanium alloy ball hinges are used to connect the pile legs of floating wind power platforms. While adapting to wave and current loads, they also reduce corrosion fatigue in the splash zone (tidal range zone).

II. The core mechanism of titanium balls to resist marine corrosion
▶ Self-healing ability of natural oxide film
Titanium will quickly generate a layer of nano-scale titanium dioxide (TiO₂) oxide film in seawater. Its core characteristics include:
High chemical stability:
The standard electrode potential of the TiO₂ film is + 0.85 V (vs standard hydrogen electrode), which is higher than seawater (about + 0.25 V), making titanium a corrosion-resistant material like a “precious metal”.
The film is insoluble in seawater with a wide range of pH 1-13, while the passivation film of stainless steel (FeCr₂O₄) is easily damaged in acidic or high Cl⁻ concentrations.
Self-healing properties:
When the oxide film is broken due to mechanical damage (such as mud impact), the titanium matrix will regenerate a new film within a few milliseconds after contact with seawater (the repair speed is more than 10 times faster than stainless steel).
▶ Natural immunity to galvanic corrosion
The electrode potential of titanium is higher than that of most metals (such as steel, copper, and aluminum), so when titanium comes into contact with other metals:
Traditional metals (such as steel) will become anodes and corrode, while titanium is protected as cathodes.
Example: When a ship’s titanium alloy propeller is connected to a steel hull, no additional sacrificial anode protection is required (aluminum alloy propellers need to be matched with zinc blocks for corrosion protection).

III. Technical means to enhance the corrosion resistance of titanium balls
1. Alloy composition optimization
High molybdenum titanium alloy (such as Ti-32Mo):
The molybdenum content is increased to 32%, and the corrosion resistance in reducing acids (such as hydrochloric acid) and Cl⁻-containing seawater is better than that of pure titanium, which is suitable for acidic environments in oil and gas production.
Titanium palladium alloy (Ti-0.2Pd):
The addition of palladium reduces the corrosion potential of titanium and prevents crevice corrosion in stagnant seawater (low oxygen environment), and is often used in ship seawater cooling systems.
2. Structural design optimization
Avoiding gap structure:
When the titanium ball is connected to the flange, a smooth transition design is used to eliminate gaps that are prone to seawater (such as using a spherical sealing surface instead of a flat seal).
Fluid dynamics optimization:
A streamlined ball design is used in seawater pipeline ball valves to reduce turbulent corrosion caused by eddy currents (maintaining a low corrosion rate when the flow rate is >15 m/s).

V. Typical cases and data support
A deepwater oil and gas field in the South China Sea
Application: Titanium alloy ball valves are used for underwater Christmas trees to replace the original 316L stainless steel parts.
Effect: The corrosion rate is reduced from 0.03 mm/year to <0.0005 mm/year, and the maintenance cycle is extended from 1 year to more than 10 years.
US Navy “Ford” aircraft carrier
Application: Titanium alloy bearing balls are used for seawater cooling pumps to replace bronze parts.
Data: After 100,000 hours of operation, the wear is <0.005 mm, while the wear of bronze parts is 0.2 mm and needs to be replaced regularly.
Equinor, the Norwegian National Petroleum Company
Application: Titanium alloy mooring ball joints are used on floating platforms and withstand 12,000 tons of tension.
Test: After 20 years of service in the North Sea, there is no obvious decline in material performance, and the fatigue life far exceeds the design standard.

VI. Technical Challenges and Future Trends
Cost Bottleneck
The smelting cost of titanium is high (vacuum melting is required), and the current price of titanium alloy balls is about 4-6 times that of stainless steel. Direct reduction of titanium ore technology (such as FFC Cambridge process) can reduce production costs by more than 30%, promoting popularization.
Deep-sea extreme environment expansion
Goal: Expand the application depth of titanium balls from the current 6,000 meters (such as “Jiaolong”) to 11,000 meters (Mariana Trench). It is necessary to develop ultra-high strength titanium alloys (tensile strength > 1500 MPa) while maintaining the stability of the oxide film under ultra-high pressure.
Marine biocompatibility
Although the inert surface of titanium is not easy to be attached by organisms, in scenarios such as aquaculture cages, the surface micro-nanostructure design (such as the bionic lotus leaf effect) is needed to further reduce the rate of biological attachment and reduce the impact on marine ecology.

Summary
The core advantages of titanium balls in marine engineering can be summarized as **”three resistances and one lightness”: corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance, anti-biological attachment, and lightweight. The self-healing properties of its natural oxide film and its excellent mechanical properties make it an ideal substitute for traditional metals in high-salt, high-humidity, and high-pressure marine environments. Through surface modification, alloy optimization, and structural design, titanium balls are constantly breaking through the limits of corrosion resistance and will play a more critical role in emerging fields such as deep-sea mining, offshore hydrogen storage and transportation, and polar ships in the future. For marine engineering, titanium balls are not only a material upgrade, but also a core solution to achieve long equipment life, low maintenance, and high reliability.

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4Jun, 2025

Is the “memory property” of titanium foil real?

Questions and answers on the principle of shape memory alloys?

Titanium foil itself usually does not have “memory properties”, but titanium-based shape memory alloys (such as Ti-Ni alloys) do have shape memory effect. This property originates from the special crystal structure changes inside the material, which enables it to “remember” and restore its original shape under temperature or stress. The following is a detailed answer to the principle of shape memory alloys:

1. What is the shape memory effect?
** Shape memory effect (SME)** refers to the phenomenon that after plastic deformation, the material can completely restore its original shape before deformation through heating (thermo-induced) or unloading (stress-induced).
Typical performance:
One-way memory effect: restore the high-temperature phase shape when heating, and do not restore the low-temperature phase shape after cooling (most common).
Two-way memory effect: restore the high-temperature and low-temperature phase shapes when heating and cooling respectively (special training is required).
Full-range memory effect: can remember a series of complex shape changes (high-end applications).

2. The core principle of titanium-based shape memory alloy: martensitic phase transformation
The shape memory property of titanium is mainly realized by titanium-nickel alloy (Ti-Ni, also known as Nitinol). Its principle is based on martensitic phase transformation (Martensitic Transformation) and reversible changes in crystal structure. The specific process is as follows:
1. High temperature phase (Austenite phase, Austenite)
** When the temperature is higher than the critical temperature (Austenite Start Temperature, As)**, the atoms are arranged neatly and present a regular cubic lattice structure. The material has high rigidity and good elasticity.
Stress deformation: Under the action of external force, the lattice undergoes elastic deformation, but the atoms do not leave their original positions and immediately return to their original state after unloading (ordinary elastic deformation).
2. Low temperature phase (Martensite phase, Martensite)
** When the temperature is lower than the critical temperature (Martensite Finish Temperature, Mf)**, the lattice structure transforms into a looser orthorhombic or monoclinic structure, called “martensite”.
Deformation under stress: The martensite phase is prone to twinning deformation, that is, the lattice slides along a specific crystal plane, resulting in macroscopic plastic deformation, but the relative position between atoms remains unchanged (similar to shuffling poker cards).
Key features: This deformation is “reversible”. When heated to above the As temperature, the martensite phase quickly reverses to the austenite phase, the lattice restores its original arrangement, and drives the material to restore its initial shape.

III. Application scenarios and typical cases
The “memory characteristics” of titanium-based shape memory alloys have been widely used in many fields:
1. Medical field
Heart stents: compressed into thin tubes at low temperatures and loaded into catheters. After implantation in blood vessels, they are heated by body temperature to expand and open the blocked area, restoring their original shape.
Orthodontic wires: Use the shape memory effect to continuously apply mild correction force to reduce the number of follow-up visits.
2. Aerospace
Pipeline connectors: Reduce the size at low temperatures for easy installation, and restore to their original state after the temperature rises after launch, achieving a tight connection (such as rocket fuel pipeline quick connectors).
Smart skin: used for adaptive wings, changing surface curvature through temperature control to optimize aerodynamic performance.
3. Industry and daily life
Temperature control elements: water heater safety valve, air conditioning compressor temperature control switch, automatic control through temperature-triggered shape change.
Eyeglass frame: Ti-Ni alloy temples can withstand bending deformation, return to their original shape after letting go, and are resistant to falling and durable.

4. Common misunderstandings: titanium foil vs. titanium-nickel alloy
Pure titanium foil (such as TA1, TA2): no shape memory effect, only has lightweight, corrosion resistance and other characteristics, used for structural parts or medical implants (such as bone plates).
Titanium-nickel alloy foil: contains about 50% nickel, and has memory function only after special heat treatment, and the material composition needs to be clearly distinguished.
Summary
The “memory property” of titanium is essentially the reversibility of the martensitic phase transformation of titanium-nickel alloy, rather than the inherent properties of pure titanium or ordinary titanium alloy. This property enables it to achieve “material intelligence” in the fields of medicine, aerospace, etc. In the future, with the development of nanotechnology and composite technology, shape memory alloys are expected to play a greater role in cutting-edge fields such as flexible robots and wearable devices.

4Jun, 2025

Why does the space shuttle need titanium foil?

The space shuttle needs titanium foil mainly because of its excellent comprehensive performance, which can meet the special needs of the aerospace field in extreme environments. The following are the specific reasons:

1. Balance between light weight and high strength
Space missions are sensitive to weight: every 1 kg of weight reduction of the space shuttle can significantly reduce the launch cost and increase the payload capacity. The density of titanium foil is only 4.5g/cm³, which is about 57% of steel, but its strength is close to that of high-strength steel (tensile strength can reach 500-1100MPa), which can reduce the weight of the structure while ensuring the strength of the components.
Typical applications: used to manufacture load-bearing structures such as fuselage frames, fuel tanks, and engine brackets. For example, the external fuel tank bracket of the US space shuttle is made of titanium alloy, which ensures that it can withstand huge thrust while reducing weight.

2. High temperature resistance and corrosion resistance
Extreme temperature environment: When the space shuttle passes through the atmosphere, the surface temperature can reach 1200-1650℃ (such as the leading edge of the wing and the belly of the fuselage), and ordinary metals are easy to soften or oxidize. Titanium foil (especially titanium alloy, such as Ti-6Al-4V) can still maintain good strength and oxidation resistance at **500℃**, which is better than aluminum alloy (temperature resistance of about 300℃).
Corrosion resistance: A dense TiO₂ oxide film is easily formed on the surface of titanium foil, which can resist the corrosion of high-energy particle radiation, ultraviolet rays and propellants (such as liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen) in space, and extend the service life of components. For example, the engine fuel pipeline and combustion chamber of the space shuttle are made of titanium foil, which can withstand long-term erosion of highly corrosive fuels.

3. Good low-temperature performance
Aerospace cryogenic scene: The storage temperature of liquid hydrogen fuel is as low as **-253℃**, and liquid oxygen is **-183℃**. Ordinary materials (such as steel) are easy to become brittle at low temperatures, while titanium foil can still maintain good toughness and strength in ultra-low temperature environments, avoiding the risk of structural cracking.
Application case: The cryogenic fuel tank of the space shuttle (such as the liquid hydrogen tank of the main engine) is made of titanium foil or titanium alloy to ensure stable operation at extremely low temperatures.

4. Anti-fatigue and long life characteristics
Repeated stress tolerance: The space shuttle is subjected to severe vibration and alternating stress during launch and return. Titanium foil has high fatigue strength (about 40%-50% of tensile strength) and can withstand tens of thousands of cyclic loads without failure. It is suitable for parts that need to be reused for a long time (such as the reusable wing structure of the space shuttle).

Reliability requirements: Titanium foil has strong resistance to crack propagation, which can reduce the risk of structural failure caused by minor defects and meet the high reliability requirements of space missions.

5. Biocompatibility and special scene adaptation
Safety of manned space flight: In manned cabins or life support systems, the biocompatibility of titanium foil (no adverse reaction with human tissue) allows it to be used to manufacture parts that astronauts contact (such as seat brackets, medical equipment frames), avoiding the precipitation of metal ions and causing harm to the human body.
Radar and electromagnetic compatibility: Titanium foil has moderate electromagnetic shielding performance and can be used to manufacture the antenna cover or electronic equipment housing of the space shuttle, providing structural protection while avoiding interference with radar signals.

Summary: The irreplaceable nature of titanium foil

Titanium foil has become the core material of key components of space shuttles due to its multiple advantages such as lightweight, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, low temperature resistance, and fatigue resistance. Its performance directly determines the reliability, lifespan, and mission cost of space shuttles, and it is an indispensable basic material for the modern aerospace industry. In the future, with the development of higher-performance titanium alloys (such as β-titanium alloys), the application of titanium foil in the aerospace field will be further expanded.

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12May, 2025

How to choose the most suitable production process for titanium castings?

The production process of titanium castings is usually not pressure casting, but using methods such as investment casting. The main reasons are as follows:

-Characteristics of titanium: Titanium has high chemical activity and is prone to react with gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, and hydrogen at high temperatures, forming hard and brittle compounds that affect the quality of castings. During the pressure casting process, the metal liquid is rapidly filled under high pressure, making it difficult to avoid contact with air, which can easily lead to titanium liquid aspiration and oxidation. And investment casting can be melted and poured under vacuum or protective atmosphere, which can effectively reduce the contact between titanium liquid and air, prevent oxidation and suction.

-Mold material: Titanium has a high melting point and strict requirements for mold materials. Under long-term exposure to high-temperature titanium liquid impact and high pressure, the lifespan of pressure casting molds will be significantly reduced, resulting in increased costs. The shell material used in investment casting can withstand the high temperature of titanium liquid well, and the shell is disposable, avoiding the problem of long-term high-temperature erosion of the mold.

In addition, centrifugal casting can also be used for the production of titanium castings. It uses centrifugal force to shape titanium liquid in a rotating mold, which can improve the density and uniformity of the castings.

13Jun, 2023

Titanium Plate Suppliers and Exporters

Titanium plate Manufacturers and Suppliers

Titanium is a chemical element with chemical symbol Ti and atomic number 22. It is a silver-white transition metal characterized by light weight, high strength, metallic luster, and good corrosion resistance (including seawater, aqua regia, etc and chlorine). Due to its stable chemical properties, it has the characteristics of good high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, strong acid resistance, strong alkali resistance, high strength and low density.

Titanium is a new type of metal

The performance of titanium is related to the content of impurities such as carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. The purest titanium iodide has an impurity content of no more than 0.1%, but its strength is low and its plasticity is high.
The properties of 99.5% industrial pure titanium are:
density ρ=4.5g/cubic centimeter,
melting point 1725°C,
thermal conductivity λ=15.24W/(m.K),
tensile strength σb=539MPa,
elongation δ=25%,
section Shrinkage rate ψ=25%,
elastic modulus E=1.078×105MPa,
hardness HB195.

Titanium and titanium alloys are widely used in the aviation industry and are known as “space metals”; they are widely used in shipbuilding industry, chemical industry, manufacturing mechanical parts, telecommunications equipment, hard alloys, etc. In addition, titanium alloys can also be used as artificial bones due to their good compatibility with the human body.

Material:

Grade	Ti	Major composition					residual elements (not more than)
Grade	Ti	Al	V	Sn	Mo	Pa	Fe	C	N	H	O
Gr1	Bal	/	/	/	/	/	0.1	0.03	0.012	0.008	0.1
Gr1	Bal	/	/	/	/	/	0.2	0.08	0.03	0.015	0.18
Gr2	Bal	/	/	/	/	/	0.3	0.08	0.03	0.015	0.25
Gr3	Bal	/	/	/	/	/	0.3	0.08	0.05	0.015	0.35
Gr4	Bal	/	/	/	/	/	0.5	0.08	0.05	0.015	0.4
Gr5	Bal	5.5~6.75	3.5~4.5	/	/	/	0.3	0.08	0.05	0.015	0.2
Gr5	Bal	5.5~6.5	3.5~4.5	/	/	/	0.25	0.08	0.03	0.012	0.13

Titanium sheets

There are two implementation standards for titanium plates, the national standard is GB/T3621-2007, GB/T13810-2007, and the American standard is ASTM B265, ASTM F136, ASTM F67, AMS4928.
Grade:
American Standard Grade: GR1, GR2, GR3, GR5, GR7, GR12;
Russian label number: BT1-00, BT1-0, BT1-2, etc.;
Domestic brands: TA0, TA2, TA3, TA5, TA6, TA7, TA9, TA10, TB2, TC1, TC2, TC3, TC4.
Hot working state (R)
Cold working state (Y)
Annealing state (M)

Titanium plate manufacturing process:

Hot forging is a forging process performed above the metal recrystallization temperature.
Hot rolling is a rolling process performed above the recrystallization temperature.
Cold rolling is a rolling process in which the plastic deformation temperature is lower than the recovery temperature.
Annealing:
A metal heat treatment process in which the metal is slowly heated to a certain temperature, maintained for a sufficient time, and then cooled at an appropriate rate (usually slow cooling, sometimes controlled cooling).
Pickling:
Immerse the workpiece in an aqueous solution such as sulfuric acid to remove films such as oxides on the metal surface. It is the pretreatment or intermediate treatment of electroplating, enamel, rolling and other processes

Product	Thickness(mm)	Width(mm)	Length(mm)
Titanium Sheet	0.5-0.8	800 max, Ti 6Al-4V	2000 max
Titanium Sheet	0.5-0.8	1000 max, CP Ti	2000 max
Titanium Sheet	0.8-5	1000 max	3000 max
Titanium Plate	5-8	2000 max	4000 max
Titanium Plate	8-100	2500 max	6000 max
Product	Thickness(inches)	Width(inches)	Length(inches)
Titanium Sheet	0.020″-0.032″	31.5″ max, Ti-6Al-4V	78.7″ max
Titanium Sheet	0.020″-0.032″	39.4″ max, C.P. Ti	78.7″ max
Titanium Sheet	0.032″-0.20″	39.4″ max	118.1″ max
Titanium Plate	0.20″-0.32″	78.7″ max	157.5″ max
Titanium Plate	0.32″-3.94″	78.7″ max	236.2″ max

Eternal Bliss Alloy Casting & Forging Co, Ltd.

Caesar

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1Jun, 2020

How Much Do You Know About Titanium Alloys? Take a look Here!

Titanium Alloys

These more professional terms may not be understood by everyone in ordinary times, or they may not be interested or have the time to understand them.

Today I will introduce some professional knowledge about titanium alloy.

Capability:

Titanium is a new type of metal. The performance of titanium is related to the content of impurities such as carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen.

The purity of titanium iodide does not exceed 0.1%, but its strength is low and its plasticity is high. The properties of 99.5% industrial pure titanium are: density ρ = 4.5g / cubic centimeter, melting point 1725 ℃, thermal conductivity λ = 15.24W / (mK), tensile strength σb = 539MPa, elongation δ = 25%, cross section Shrinkage ψ = 25%, elastic modulus E = 1.078 × 105MPa, hardness HB195.

High intensity:

The density of titanium alloys is generally about 4.51g / cubic centimeter, which is only 60% of steel. The density of pure titanium is close to that of ordinary steel.

Some high-strength titanium alloys exceed the strength of many alloy structural steels. Therefore, the specific strength (strength / density) of titanium alloy is much greater than other metal structural materials.

See Table 7-1, which can produce parts with high unit strength, good rigidity and light weight. Titanium alloys are used for aircraft engine components, skeletons, skins, fasteners, and landing gear.

High thermal strength:

The use temperature is several hundred degrees higher than that of aluminum alloys. It can still maintain the required strength at medium temperature.

It can work for a long time at a temperature of 450 to 500 ℃. These two types of titanium alloys are still very high in the range of 150 ℃ to 500 ℃. Specific strength, while the specific strength of aluminum alloy at 150 ℃ significantly decreased. The working temperature of titanium alloy can reach 500 ℃, aluminum alloys is below 200 ℃.

Good corrosion resistance:

Titanium alloys work in humid atmosphere and seawater media, and their corrosion resistance is far superior to stainless steel; they are particularly resistant to pitting, acid corrosion, and stress corrosion; organic materials such as alkali, chloride, chlorine, nitric acid, and sulfuric acid Etc. have excellent corrosion resistance. But titanium has poor corrosion resistance to media with reducing oxygen and chromium salts.

Good low temperature performance

Titanium alloy can still maintain its mechanical properties under low temperature and ultra-low temperature. Titanium alloys with good low temperature performance and extremely low interstitial elements, such as TA7, can maintain a certain plasticity at -253 ℃. Therefore, titanium alloy is also an important low-temperature structural material.

Great chemical activity:

Titanium has a large chemical activity and produces strong chemical reactions with O, N, H, CO, CO2, water vapor, ammonia gas, etc. in the atmosphere. When the carbon content is greater than 0.2%, hard TiC will be formed in the titanium alloy;

when the temperature is high, the TiN hard surface layer will be formed when it interacts with N; above 600 ℃, titanium absorbs oxygen to form a hardened layer with high hardness ;

Increased hydrogen content will also form a brittle layer. The depth of the hard and brittle surface produced by absorbing gas can reach 0.1 ～ 0.15 mm, and the degree of hardening is 20% ～ 30%. Titanium also has a large chemical affinity, and is prone to adhere to friction surfaces.

Use:

Titanium alloy has high strength and low density, good mechanical properties, good toughness and corrosion resistance. In addition, titanium alloys have poor process performance and are difficult to cut. In hot working, it is very easy to absorb impurities such as hydrogen, oxynitride and carbon. There is also poor abrasion resistance and complicated production process.

The industrial production of titanium began in 1948. The need for the development of the aviation industry has enabled the titanium industry to grow at an average annual growth rate of about 8%.

The annual output of titanium alloy processed materials in the world has reached more than 40,000 tons, and there are nearly 30 types of titanium alloys. The most widely used titanium alloys are Ti-6Al-4V (TC4), Ti-5Al-2.5Sn (TA7) and industrial pure titanium (TA1, TA2 and TA3).

Titanium alloy is mainly used to make aircraft engine compressor components, followed by rocket, missile and high-speed aircraft structural parts.

In the mid-1960s, titanium and its alloys have been used in general industry, for making electrodes in the electrolysis industry, condensers in power plants, heaters for petroleum refining and seawater desalination, and environmental pollution control devices.

Titanium and its alloys have become a corrosion-resistant structural material. It is also used to produce hydrogen storage materials and shape memory alloys.

However, although the use of titanium is relatively extensive, it still has some disadvantages to a certain extent. Let’s talk about what are the disadvantages of titanium.

Disadvantages:

The main limitation of titanium and titanium alloys is their poor chemical reactivity with other materials at high temperatures.

This property forces the titanium alloy to be different from conventional refining, melting and casting techniques, and even often causes damage to the mold; as a result, the price of the titanium alloy becomes very expensive. Therefore, they are mostly used in aircraft structures, aircraft, and high-tech industries such as petroleum and chemical industries.

However, due to the development of space technology and the improvement of people’s quality of life, titanium alloys are gradually used to make people’s livelihoods and benefit people’s lives.

However, the prices of these products are still high, and they are mostly high-priced products. The biggest fatal injury that cannot be carried forward.

Ok, the above is a brief introduction to the titanium alloy, you should also learn some knowledge from it, if you need titanium alloy products, please feel free to buy it!

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